Vectors have magnitude and direction. They are drawn as lines with a directional arrow. You can add vectors by joining them with another line.

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To subtract them, reverse the direction of the one you want to subtract, then add the other. 

Ex: a = (2, 2) b = (3, 3) a-b = (-1,-1)

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To add vectors, add the x values of each together and the y values of each together. This use these coordinates to make a new vector.

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Magnitude can be calculated using Pythagoras theorem. 

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Scalars have magnitude but no direction. They are just normal numbers. Vectors can be multiplied by scalars, called scaling, to change the size of the vector.

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